Mining method selection by multiple criteria decision making tools

Mining method selection is one of the most critical and problematic activities of mining engineering. The ultimate goals of mining method selection are to maximize company profit, maximize recovery of the mineral resources and provide a safe environment for the miners by selecting the method with the least problems among the feasible alternatives. Selection of an appropriate mining method is a complex task that requires consideration of many technical, economic, political, social, and historical factors. The appropriate mining method is the method which is technically feasible for the ore geometry and ground conditions, while also being a low-cost operation. This means that the best mining method is the one which presents the cheapest problem. There is no single appropriate mining method for a deposit. Usually two or more feasible methods are possible. Each method entails some inherent problems. Consequently, the optimal method is one that offers the least problems. The approach of adopting the same mining method as that of a neighbouring operation is not always appropriate. However, this does not mean that one cannot learn from comparing mining plans of existing operations in the district, or of similar deposits. Each orebody is unique, with its own properties, and engineering judgement has a great effect on the decision in such the versatile job of mining. Therefore, it seems clear that only an experienced engineer who has improved his experience by working in several mines and gaining skills in different methods, can make a logical decision about mining method selection. Although experience and engineering judgement still provide major input into the selection of a mining method, subtle differences in the characteristics of each deposit can usually be perceived only through a detailed analysis of the available data. It becomes the responsibility of the geologist and engineer to work together to ensure that all factors are considered in the mining method selection process. Characteristics that have a major impact on the mining method selection include: